คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 18
| # | ชื่อ และ พรรคที่สังกัด | เริ่มวาระ | สิ้นสุดวาระ | ระยะเวลา | รัชกาล | เหตุการณ์สำคัญ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | เซอร์ โรเบิร์ต วอลโพล (Sir Robert Walpole) British Whig Party |  | 4 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2264 | 11 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2285 | 10 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 1 และสมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 2 | ถือว่าเป็นนายกรัฐมนตรีคนแรกของสหราชอาณาจักร |
| 2 | สเปนเซอร์ คอมป์ตัน เอิร์ลแห่งวิลมิงตัน (Earl of Wilmington) British Wrig Party |  | 16 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2285 | 2 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2286 | 1 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 2 | ตายขณะดำรงตำแหน่ง |
| 3 | เฮนรี เพลแลม (Henry Pelham) British Wrig Party |  | 27 สิงหาคม พ.ศ. 2286 | 6 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2297 | 11 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 2 | การจัดตั้งกองทัพเรือหลวง เริ่มใช้ปฏิทินเกรโกเรียน ตายขณะดำรงตำแหน่ง |
| 4 | ทอมัส เพลแลม-โฮลล์ส ดยุคแห่งนิวคาสเซิลอัพพอนไทน์ที่ 1 (Duke of Newcastle) ครั้งแรก British Wrig Party |  | 16 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2297 | 16 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2299 | 2 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 2 | สงครามเจ็ดปี กับฝรั่งเศสในอเมริกาเหนือ |
| 5 | วิลเลียม คาเว็นดิช ดยุคแห่งเดวอนเชอร์ที่ 4 (Duke of Devonshire) British Wrig Party |  | 16 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2299 | 16 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2300 | ไม่ถึงปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 2 | |
| - | ทอมัส เพลแลม-โฮลล์ส ดยุคแห่งนิวคาสเซิลอัพพอนไทน์ที่ 1 (Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne) ครั้งที่ 2 British Wrig Party | | 2 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2300 | 26 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2305 | 5 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 2 และ สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | บริเตนใหญ่มีอิทธิพลต่อโลกมากขึ้นในช่วงสงคราม |
| 6 | จอห์น สจวต เอิร์ลแห่งบิวต์ที่ 3 (Earl of Bute) Tory |  | 26 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2305 | 16 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2306 | 1 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | สิ้นสุดสงครามเจ็ดปีกับฝรั่งเศส |
| 7 | จอร์จ เกรนวิลล์ (George Grenville) British Wrig Party |  | 16 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2306 | 13 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2308 | 1 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | |
| 8 | ชาร์ลส์ วัตสัน-เวนท์เวิร์ธ มาร์ควิสแห่งร็อคคิงแฮมที่ 2 (Marquess of Rockingham) ครั้งแรก British Wrig Party | 13 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2308 | 30 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2309 | 1 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | ||
| 9 | วิลเลียม พิตต์ เอิร์ลแห่งชัทแธมที่ 1 (Earl of Chatham, "William Pitt the Elder") British Wrig Party |  | 30 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2309 | 14 ตุลาคม พ.ศ. 2311 | 2 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | เริ่มต้นยุคจักรวรรดินิยมอย่างแท้จริง สถาปนาจักรวรรดิอังกฤษ การปฏิวัติฝรั่งเศส |
| 10 | ออกัสตัส ฟิทซ์รอย ดยุคแห่งกราฟตันที่ 3 (Duke of Grafton) British Wrig Party |  | 14 ตุลาคม พ.ศ. 2311 | 28 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2313 | 1 ปีกว่า | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | พยายามเจรจากับอาณานิคมอังกฤษในอเมริกา |
| 11 | เฟรดเดอริค นอร์ธ ลอร์ดนอร์ธ (Lord North) Tory |  | 28 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2313 | 22 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2325 | 12 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | ปฏิวัติเพื่อเอกราชที่อเมริกา |
| - | ชาร์ลส์ วัตสัน-เวนท์เวิร์ธ มาร์ควิสแห่งร็อคคิงแฮมที่ 2 (Marquess of Rockingham) ครั้งที่ 2 British Wrig Party | 27 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2325 | 1 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2325 | ไม่ถึงปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | ยอมรับการเป็นเอกราชของอเมริกา เริ่มการปฏิรูปการเมือง แต่เสียชีวิตในขณะดำรงตำแน่ง | |
| 12 | วิลเลียม เพ็ตติ เอิร์ลแห่งเชลเบิร์นที่ 2 (Earl of Shelburne) British Wrig Party |  | 4 กรกฎาคม พ.ศ. 2325 | 2 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2326 | 1 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | แผนที่จะปฏิรูปการเมือง และทำสันติภาพกับ อเมริกา ฝรั่งเศส และสเปน |
| 13 | วิลเลียม คาเว็นดิช-เบ็นทิงค์ ดยุคแห่งพอร์ตแลนด์ที่ 3 (Duke of Portland) ครั้งแรก British Wrig Party |  | 2 เมษายน พ.ศ. 2326 | 19 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2326 | ไม่ถึงปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | พยายามสถาปนา บริษัทอินดีสตะวันออก แต่พระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 ได้ทรงห้าม |
| 14 | วิลเลียม พิตต์ ผู้เยาว์ (William Pitt the Younger) ครั้งแรก Tory |  | 19 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2326 | 14 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2344 | 17 ปี | สมเด็จพระเจ้าจอร์จที่ 3 | ตัวเขาคัดค้านการค้าขายทาส ลดงบประมาณแผ่นดินเนื่องจากเกิดกบฏที่อเมริกา สงครามกับฝรั่งเศศในปี พ.ศ. 2336 เสนอการเก็บภาษี |
คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 19
คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 20
คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 21
| # | ชื่อ และ พรรคที่สังกัด | เริ่มวาระ | สิ้นสุดวาระ | ระยะเวลา | รัชกาล | เหตุการณ์สำคัญ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 52 | กอร์ดอน บราวน์ (Gordon Brown) พรรคแรงงาน |  | 27 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2550 | 11 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2553 | 2 ปี 10 เดือน 15 วัน | พระราชินีนาถเอลิซาเบธที่ 2 | เกิดวิกฤติเศรษฐกิจโลก เมื่อกลางปี พ.ศ. 2551 |
| 53 | เดวิด คาเมรอน (David Cameron) พรรคอนุรักษนิยม |  | 11 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2553 | อยู่ในตำแหน่ง | อยู่ในตำแหน่ง | พระราชินีนาถเอลิซาเบธที่ 2 | |
ที่มา : วิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี
List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the political leader of the country and the Head of Her Majesty's Government. The office holder is responsible for nominating all other members of the government, chairing Cabinet meetings and deciding when to call a new general election for the House of Commons. The Prime Minister can also make nominations to senior positions in the Church of England, nominate judges and propose the creation of new life peers.
There is no specific date when the office of Prime Minister first appeared, as the role was not created but evolved over a period of time. The term was certainly in Parliamentary use by the 1880s, and in 1905 post of Prime Minister was officially given recognition in the order of precedence. Modern historians generally apply the title of First Prime Minister to Sir Robert Walpole, who led the government of Great Britain for twenty-one years from 1721 to 1742 and is the longest serving Prime Minister of the country.
Due to the gradual evolution of the post of Prime Minister, the title is applied to early Prime Ministers only retrospectively; this has sometimes given rise to academic dispute. William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath and James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave are both sometimes listed as Prime Ministers. Bath was invited to form a ministry following the resignation of Henry Pelham in 1746, as was Waldegrave in 1757 following the dismissal of William Pitt the Elder (the dominant figure of the first Devonshire Ministry). Neither was able to command sufficient Parliamentary support to form a government; Bath stepped down after two days, and Waldegrave after four. Modern academic consensus does not consider either man to have held the office of Prime Minister, and they are not listed below.
Prime Ministers under George I (1714–1727) and George II (1727–1760)
There is no specific date when the office of Prime Minister first appeared, as the role was not created but evolved over a period of time. The term was certainly in Parliamentary use by the 1880s, and in 1905 post of Prime Minister was officially given recognition in the order of precedence. Modern historians generally apply the title of First Prime Minister to Sir Robert Walpole, who led the government of Great Britain for twenty-one years from 1721 to 1742 and is the longest serving Prime Minister of the country.
Due to the gradual evolution of the post of Prime Minister, the title is applied to early Prime Ministers only retrospectively; this has sometimes given rise to academic dispute. William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath and James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave are both sometimes listed as Prime Ministers. Bath was invited to form a ministry following the resignation of Henry Pelham in 1746, as was Waldegrave in 1757 following the dismissal of William Pitt the Elder (the dominant figure of the first Devonshire Ministry). Neither was able to command sufficient Parliamentary support to form a government; Bath stepped down after two days, and Waldegrave after four. Modern academic consensus does not consider either man to have held the office of Prime Minister, and they are not listed below.
Prime Ministers under George I (1714–1727) and George II (1727–1760)
| Portrait | Name(Birth–Death) Constituency/Title | Term of office — Electoral mandates | Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister | Political party of PM | Government | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Sir Robert Walpole (1676–1745) MP for King's Lynn until 1742Earl of Orford from 1742 | 4 April 1721 | 15 May 1730 | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Whig | Walpole/Townshend | [7][9] | |
| 15 May 1730 | 11 February 1742 | Walpole | ||||||
| 1722, 1727, 1734, 1741 | ||||||||
| Regarded as the first Prime Minister in the modern sense; The South Sea Company bubble; criticised for Great Britain's poor performance in the War of Jenkins' Ear. | ||||||||
 | Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington (1673–1743) | 16 February 1742 | 2 July 1743† | First Lord of the Treasury | Whig | Carteret | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Increased tax on spirits; in poor health for much of his time as Prime Minister, the government was led de facto by John Carteret. †Died in office. | ||||||||
 | Henry Pelham (1694–1754) MP for Sussex | 27 August 1743 | 6 March 1754† | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Whig | Carteret;Broad Bottom | [11] | |
| 1747 | ||||||||
| Reorganisation of the Royal Navy; 1745 Jacobite Rebellion; adoption of the Gregorian Calendar; Marriage Act 1753; helped end the War of the Austrian Succession. †Died in office. | ||||||||
 | Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1693–1768) | 16 March 1754 | 16 November 1756 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig | Newcastle I | [10] | |
| 1754 | ||||||||
| Led Great Britain into the Seven Years' War with France in North America. | ||||||||
 | William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire (1720–1764) | 16 November 1756 | 25 June 1757 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig | Devonshire/Pitt;1757 Caretaker | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| The government was largely run by William Pitt the Elder. | ||||||||
| Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle (1693–1768) | 2 July 1757 | 26 May 1762 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig | Newcastle II | [10] | |
| 1761 | ||||||||
| Great Britain gained more influence abroad in the Seven Years' War; the war was largely prosecuted by Pitt the Elder as Secretary of State. | ||||||||
[edit] Prime Ministers under George III (1760–1820)
| Portrait | Name(Birth–Death) Constituency/Title | Term of office — Electoral mandates | Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister | Political party of PM | Government | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (1713–1792) | 26 May 1762 | 8 April 1763 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Tory | Bute | [12] | |
| — | ||||||||
| First Scottish Prime Minister. Ended the dominance of the Whigs; Treaty of Paris (1763) ending the Seven Years' War; resigned after fierce criticism of Treaty of Paris concessions. | ||||||||
 | George Grenville (1712–1770) MP for Buckingham | 16 April 1763 | 13 July 1765 | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Whig (Grenvillite) | Grenville | [13] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Briefly lowered domestic tax at the expense of the colonies, though this was rapidly repealed; introduced the unenforceable Stamp Act 1765 (which is popularly cited as one of the causes of the American Revolution). His repealing of the taxes he rolled out were for all except that on tea, which was used as a reason for the Boston Tea Party. | ||||||||
 | Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (1730–1782) | 13 July 1765 | 30 July 1766 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig (Rockingham) | Rockingham I | [14] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Repealed the controversial Stamp Act, inspired by protests from both American colonists and British manufacturers who were affected by it and its difficulty to enforce; introduced the Declaratory Act 1766. | ||||||||
 | William Pitt the Elder, 1st Earl of Chatham (1708–1778) | 30 July 1766 | 14 October 1768 | Lord Privy Seal | Whig (Chathamite) | Chatham | [15] | |
| — | ||||||||
| The first real Imperialist; credited with the birth of the British Empire; defeated France in Canada, thereby indirectly precipitating the French Revolution. | ||||||||
 | Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton (1735–1811) | 14 October 1768 | 28 January 1770 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig (Chathamite) | Grafton | [16] | |
| 1768 | ||||||||
| Attempted to reconcile with the American colonies. | ||||||||
 | Frederick North, Lord North (1732–1792) MP for Banbury | 28 January 1770 | 22 March 1782 | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Tory | North | [17] | |
| 1774, 1780 | ||||||||
| Led Great Britain into the American Revolution; the Gordon Riots; attempted reform in Ireland; resigned after a vote of no confidence against the will of the King. | ||||||||
| Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (1730–1782) | 27 March 1782 | 1 July 1782† | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig (Rockingham) | Rockingham II | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Acknowledged the independence of the United States; began a process of economic reform. †Died in office. | ||||||||
 | William Petty-FitzMaurice, 2nd Earl of Shelburne (1737–1805) | 4 July 1782 | 2 April 1783 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig (Chathamite) | Shelburne | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Planned political reform; secured peace with the United States, France and Spain. | ||||||||
 | William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland (1738–1809) | 2 April 1783 | 19 December 1783 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig | Fox-North Coalition | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Titular head of the Fox-North Coalition. Attempted to reform the British East India Company, but was blocked by George III. | ||||||||
 | William Pitt the Younger (1759–1806) MP for Appleby until 1784 MP for Cambridge University from 1784 | 19 December 1783 | 14 March 1801 | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Tory (Pittite) | Pitt the Younger I | [18] | |
| 1784, 1790, 1796 | ||||||||
| Youngest Prime Minister. India Act 1784; attempted to remove rotten boroughs; personally opposed to the slave trade; reduced the national debt due to the rebellion in the North American colonies; formed the Triple Alliance; Constitutional Act of 1791; the Macartney Embassy (1792-1794), first of its kind to China; war with France starting in 1793; Cape Colony (South Africa) taken 1795; introduced the first income tax; Act of Union 1800. | ||||||||
 | Henry Addington (1757–1844) MP for Devizes | 17 March 1801 | 10 May 1804 | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Tory (Pittite) | Addington | [10] | |
| 1801 co-option, 1802 | ||||||||
| Negotiated the Treaty of Amiens with France in 1802. | ||||||||
| William Pitt the Younger (1759–1806) MP for Cambridge University | 10 May 1804 | 23 January 1806† | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Tory (Pittite) | Pitt the Younger II | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Alliance with Russia, Austria and Sweden against France (Third Coalition); Battle of Trafalgar; Battle of Ulm; Battle of Austerlitz. †Died in office. | ||||||||
 | William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Lord Grenville (1759–1834) | 11 February 1806 | 31 March 1807 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Whig | Ministry of All the Talents | [10] | |
| 1806 | ||||||||
| Abolition of the slave trade. | ||||||||
| William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland (1738–1809) | 31 March 1807 | 4 October 1809 | First Lord of the Treasury | nominally Tory | Portland II | [10] | |
| 1807 | ||||||||
| He headed a Tory government; was old and ill, leaving the Cabinet to their own devices (largely headed by Spencer Perceval). | ||||||||
 | Spencer Perceval (1762–1812) MP for Northampton | 4 October 1809 | 11 May 1812† | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer,Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster & Leader of the House of Commons | Tory | Perceval | [19] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Descent of George III into madness and the outset of the Regency era; his administration was notable for the lack of senior statesmen (Perceval also served as the Chancellor of the Exchequer); Peninsular War, part of the Napoleonic Wars. †The only Prime Minister to have been assassinated. | ||||||||
 | Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (1770–1828) | 8 June 1812 | 9 April 1827 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Tory | Liverpool | [20] | |
| 1812, 1818, 1820, 1826 | ||||||||
| Oversaw the United Kingdom's victory in the Napoleonic Wars; the Congress of Vienna; an economic recession in 1817; the Luddite movement; The War of 1812 (in Britain, the American War of 1812 to 1815); Peterloo Massacre in 1819; return to the gold standard in 1819; victory over the Marathas in the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1819; the Cato Street Conspiracy to assassinate Liverpool in 1820. | ||||||||
Prime Ministers under George IV (1820–1830)
| Portrait | Name(Birth–Death) Constituency/Title | Term of office — Electoral mandates | Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister | Political party of PM | Government | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | George Canning (1770–1827) MP for Seaford | 10 April 1827 | 8 August 1827† | First Lord of the Treasury,Chancellor of the Exchequer & Leader of the House of Commons | Tory (Canningite) | Canning | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| †Died shortly after taking office. | ||||||||
 | Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich (1782–1859) | 31 August 1827 | 21 January 1828 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Tory (Canningite) | Goderich | [10] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Lacked support amongst colleagues; resigned. | ||||||||
 | Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769–1852) | 22 January 1828 | 16 November 1830 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Lords | Tory | Wellington | [10] | |
| 1830 | ||||||||
| First Irish Prime Minister; Catholic Emancipation Bill (over which he fought a duel). | ||||||||
[edit] Prime Ministers under William IV (1830–1837)
Prime Ministers under Victoria (1837–1901)
Prime Ministers under Edward VII (1901–1910)
Prime Ministers under George V (1910–1936) and Edward VIII (1936)
| Portrait | Name(Birth–Death) Constituency/Title | Term of office — Electoral mandates | Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister | Political party of PM | Government | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | David Lloyd George (1863–1945) MP for Caernarvon Boroughs | 7 December 1916 | 19 October 1922 | First Lord of the Treasury | Liberal | Lloyd George Coalition | [46] | |
| 1918 | ||||||||
| Welsh-speaking: only Prime Minister whose mother tongue was not English. End of World War I; Paris Peace Conference; attempted to extend conscription to Ireland during the First World War; Chanak Crisis. | ||||||||
 | Andrew Bonar Law (1858–1923) MP for Glasgow Central | 23 October 1922 | 20 May 1923 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Commons | Conservative | Bonar Law | [47] | |
| 1922 | ||||||||
| Canadian-born: only Prime Minister born outside the British Isles. Became Prime Minister following Conservative backbenchers' decision at the Carlton Club meeting to withdraw from the Lloyd George Coalition. Resigned due to ill health; died six months after leaving office. | ||||||||
 | Stanley Baldwin (1867–1947) MP for Bewdley | 23 May 1923 | 16 January 1924 | First Lord of the Treasury,Leader of the House of Commons & Chancellor of the Exchequer (1923) | Conservative | Baldwin I | [48] | |
| — | ||||||||
| Called a general election to gain a mandate for protectionist tariffs but failed to gain a majority; resigned after losing a vote of confidence. | ||||||||
 | Ramsay MacDonald (1866–1937) MP for Aberavon | 22 January 1924 | 4 November 1924 | First Lord of the Treasury,Leader of the House of Commons & Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | Labour | MacDonald I | [49] | |
| 1923§ | ||||||||
| §Hung Parliament; minority government reliant on Liberal support. First Labour Prime Minister; did not have a majority so could not introduce radical legislation; settled reparations with Germany following World War I; Zinoviev letter. | ||||||||
| Stanley Baldwin (1867–1947) MP for Bewdley | 4 November 1924 | 5 June 1929 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Commons | Conservative | Baldwin II | [50] | |
| 1924 | ||||||||
| Treaty of Locarno; signatory of the Kellogg-Briand Pact; Pensions Act; enfranchisement of women over 21; UK General Strike of 1926. | ||||||||
| Ramsay MacDonald (1866–1937) MP for Seaham | 5 June 1929 | 24 August 1931 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Commons | Labour | MacDonald II | [51] | |
| 1929§ | ||||||||
| §Hung Parliament. Appointed the first female minister, Margaret Bondfield; economic crises following the Wall Street Crash of 1929. | ||||||||
| 24 August 1931 | 7 June 1935 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Commons | National Labour | 1st National;2nd National | [52] | |||
| 1931 | ||||||||
| The Labour Government split on measures to resolve a budget crisis; MacDonald resigned, but was reappointed at the head of a National Government with the support of the Conservative and Liberal parties. He was subsequently expelled from the Labour Party; the National Government fought and won the election on the basis of a 'Doctor's Mandate'. Ottawa Conference supports protectionism, after which the free trade Ministers (Liberal and Viscount Snowden) resign. | ||||||||
| Stanley Baldwin (1867–1947) MP for Bewdley | 7 June 1935 | 28 May 1937 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Commons | Conservative | 3rd National | [53] | |
| 1935 | ||||||||
| Edward VIII abdication crisis; started rearmament but later criticised for failing to rearm more when Adolf Hitler broke Germany's Treaty of Versailles obligations. | ||||||||
Prime Ministers under George VI (1936–1952)
| Portrait | Name(Birth–Death) Constituency/Title | Term of office — Electoral mandates | Other ministerial offices held while Prime Minister | Political party of PM | Government | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940) MP for Birmingham Edgbaston | 28 May 1937 | 3 September 1939 | First Lord of the Treasury & Leader of the House of Commons | Conservative | 4th National | [10] | |
| 3 September 1939 | 10 May 1940 | Chamberlain War | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| Attempted to maintain "peace for our time" through appeasement of Germany, settling the Munich Agreement; widely criticised following the German Invasion of Poland and consequent outbreak of World War II; resigned after failing to form a Coalition Government. | ||||||||
 | Winston Churchill (1874–1965) MP for Epping | 10 May 1940 | 23 May 1945 | First Lord of the Treasury,Minister of Defence & Leader of the House of Commons (1940–42) | Conservative | Churchill War | [54][55] | |
| 23 May 1945 | 26 July 1945 | Churchill Caretaker | ||||||
| — | ||||||||
| World War II; led a Coalition Government; foundation of the United Nations; proposed what would eventually lead to the European Union; Beveridge Report. Following the ending of his all-party coalition, Churchill formed a "caretaker" government out of Conservatives, Liberal Nationals and non-party figures. However after two months it was defeated in the 1945 general election. | ||||||||
 | Clement Attlee (1883–1967) MP for Limehouse until 1950 MP for Walthamstow West from 1950 | 26 July 1945 | 26 October 1951 | First Lord of the Treasury & Minister of Defence (1945–46) | Labour | Attlee | [56] | |
| 1945, 1950 | ||||||||
| Initiated the post-war consensus; introduced nationalisation of utilities; foundation of the National Health Service; extended national insurance scheme; Independence of India and the end of the British role in Palestine; foundation of NATO; beginning of the Cold War; the Berlin Blockade and the resulting Berlin Airlift; the start of British involvement in the Korean War. | ||||||||
| Sir Winston Churchill (1874–1965) MP for Woodford | 26 October 1951 | 7 April 1955 | First Lord of the Treasury & Minister of Defence (1951–52) | Conservative | Churchill III | [57] | |
| 1951 | ||||||||
| Domestic policy interrupted by foreign disputes (Korean War, Operation Ajax, Mau Mau Uprising, Malayan Emergency). | ||||||||
Prime Ministers under Elizabeth II (1952–Present)
See also
- Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- Historical rankings of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
- Records of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
- List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by longevity
- List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by nickname
- List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by term length
Timelines
- Graphical list of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
- Graphical list of Prime Ministers showing birth, death and political career of each Prime Minister from Palmerston to Cameron
References
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- ^ a b Clarke (1993), p. 266
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- ^ Longford (1998), p. 484
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- ^ Longford (1998), pp. 533–534
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- ^ Rose (1983), p. 265
- ^ Rose (1983), p. 272
- ^ Rose (1983), p. 326
- ^ Rose (1983), p. 337
- ^ Rose (1983), p. 361
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- ^ Rose (1983), p. 398
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 179
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 158
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- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 178
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 207
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 248
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 272
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 286
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 331
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 357
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 376
- ^ "Lord Callaghan of Cardiff". The Times (London: Times Newspapers Ltd). 28 March 2005. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article438724.ece. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
- ^ Hennessy (2001), p. 397
- ^ Ballantyne, Aileen (5 May 1979). "Crowd's long cold wait for lady of the hour". The Guardian (London: Guardian and Manchester Evening News Ltd). http://www.guardian.co.uk/theguardian/1979/may/05/greatinterviews. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
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- ^ "'John Major? Who's he?' asks Thatcher". The Independent (Newspaper Publishing PLC). 6 August 1995. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19950806/ai_n13998865. Retrieved 13 October 2008. [dead link]
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- ^ "The Blair Years: 1997-2007". Telegraph.co.uk (London: Telegraph Media Group). 28 June 2007. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1555734/The-Blair-Years-1997-2007.html. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
- ^ Summers, Deborah; Mulholland , Hélène (27 June 2007). "Brown declared prime minister". guardian.co.uk (London: Guardian News & Media). http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2007/jun/27/politics.labourparty. Retrieved 12 October 2008.
- ^ "BBC News - David Cameron is UK's new prime minister". news.bbc.co.uk (BBC). 12 May 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/election_2010/8675265.stm. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
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